What is Ocular rosacea? Ocular rosacea, also known as rosacea keratitis is an inflammation that causes redness, burning, and itching of the eyes. It often develops in people who have rosacea, a chronic skin condition that affects the face. Sometimes ocular rosacea is the first sign that you may later develop facial rosacea. It ranges from foreign body sensation, minor irritation, dryness, and blurry vision to severe ocular surface disruption and inflammatory keratitis. Patients frequently describe a gritty feeling, and they commonly experience conjunctivitis and blepharitis. Other ocular findings include lid margin and conjunctival telangiectasia, corneal infiltrates, punctate epithelial erosions, chalazion and hordeolum, corneal scars, eyelid thickening, eyelid crusts and scales,…

What is Rosacea? Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in adults that usually presents on the facial skin. It is characterized by recurrent flushing, redness, pimples, pustules, and dilated blood vessels (telangiectasia) on the nose, chin, cheeks, and forehead and rarely by thickened skin. 50 to 75% of patients with rosacea have eye involvement with symptoms including dryness, redness, tearing, tingling or burning sensation, light sensitivity, foreign-body sensation, and blurred vision. In addition to the skin and eye symptoms, rosacea can cause embarrassment, anxiety, and depression and can have a significant impact on the quality of life. Although usually limited to the skin, an association of rosacea with systemic comorbidities…

What is petaloid seborrheic dermatitis? Petaloid seborrheic dermatitis is a type of seborrheic dermatitis that occurs in people with dark skin. They are present with red, scaly plaques in the eyebrows, around the hairline, and along the Melo-labial fold. It also comes in the form of polycyclic coalescing rings. These rings may be hypopigmented in colour or pink and usually won’t show significant scale until the area is scraped for a potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation. Petaloid seborrheic dermatitis has been associated with the yeast Pityrosporum orbiculare, the mite Demodex folliculorum, various bacterial colonization, and skin response to the environment, such as changes in humidity, temperature, and bath water. What is the treatment…

What is Seborrheic Dermatitis? Seborrheic dermatitis is a common chronic inflammatory skin condition, characterized by scaling and erythematous patches. It may sometimes be associated with pruritus, and it mainly affects sebum-rich areas, such as the scalp, face, upper chest, and back. The mildest form of seborrheic dermatitis is commonly referred to as pityriasis capitis, sicca, or dandruff. The sudden onset of severe seborrheic dermatitis should be a red flag for the presence of HIV-AIDS. Common symptoms include redness, scaling, and dandruff. On darker skin, there may be persistent dyschromia with variable hyper/hypo-pigmentation, it is called petaloid seborrheic dermatitis. Other conditions associated with Malassezia may be present, including pityriasis versicolor and folliculitis…

What is Hidradenitis Suppurativa? Hidradenitis suppurativa, also called acne inversus, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition with lesions including deep-seated nodules, abscesses, draining tracts, and fibrotic scars. These lesions occur more commonly in intertriginous areas and areas that are rich in apocrine glands. The most common sites of involvement are the axillae (underarm), groin, buttocks, perianal, perineal, mammary, and inframammary areas, with the axillae most commonly affected. The most common sites of involvement in women are the axillary, inframammary, and inguinal areas; in men, perianal hidradenitis suppurativa and involvement of atypical sites such as the retro auricular areas and nuchal scalp occur more frequently. It can also occur anywhere on…

Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei (LMDF) is a rare inflammatory dermatosis that primarily affects young adults. It is characterized by an asymptomatic papular eruption mainly involving the central face, typically lower portions of the eyelids, the lower portions of the forehead, the nasolabial folds, the cheeks, and the perioral areas. Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei (LMDF) has a spontaneously resolving course (within 1-2 years) but has the potential for scarring. Treatment is difficult and there is a lack of controlled studies. What is the treatment for Lupus Miliaris Disseminatus Faciei? Tetracyclines (doxycycline and minocycline) are the first-line treatment for Lupus Miliaris Disseminatus Faciei (LMDF), but they are not consistently effective. Many other…

Lupoid or granulomatous rosacea is a special form of rosacea which along with the typical rosacea symptoms features monomorphic red papules and yellow-brown and nodules on the cheeks and periorificial areas. What are the different treatments available for Lupoid or Granulomatous Rosacea? Lupoid or granulomatous rosacea isn’t easy to treat and the only officially approved systemic treatment is tetracycline or doxycycline. Isotretinoin (10-20 mg daily) can help recalcitrant lupoid or granulomatous rosacea. Topical azelaic acid, metronidazole, ivermectin, benzoyl peroxide, brimonidine, pimecrolimus, dapsone, azithromycin, corticosteroids, systemic corticosteroids, and systemic minocycline can also help. Another treatment is ALA–PDT (5‐Aminolevulinic acid‐photodynamic therapy): this is a study that was conducted where the patient received…

Lupoid perioral dermatitis is a special form of perioral dermatitis with dense aggregations of red-brown papules which display a lupoid infiltrate on diascopy (a piece of clear glass or plastic is pressed against the skin and the observer looks directly at the lesion under pressure). There are various treatment options from avoidance of all topical substances to different topical treatments. Cases resistant to therapy require systemic treatment, which, however, is an off-label use. In one case, lupoid perioral dermatitis was treated with systemic therapy with isotretinoin over a period of 6 months.

Perioral dermatitis is a very complicated skin condition that a lot of people face and there is really not much information about it online. This post contains everything there is you need to know about perioral dermatitis and by the end of this post you will have figured out what works for you. So, let’s begin. What is Perioral Dermatitis? Perioral dermatitis is a red or pink rash that appears around the mouth, the folds of the nose, and occasionally the eyelid. It can be itchy, burning, dry, scaly, or flakey. There can also be persistent grouped tiny erythematous papules, papulovesicles, and papulopustules sometimes on the background of pink, scaly or…